| Abu Dhabi (ADGM) | Onshore | USD 16,300-25,300 statutory (ADGM Category B government fee, name and data protection 5,800-6,300, registered office in ADGM 8,000-15,000, visa with medical, Emirates ID and insurance 2,500-4,000) | SPV 2-3 weeks; non-financial commercial Ltd 4-6 weeks once documents and the office lease are in place; FSRA-regulated 4-6 months running in parallel with and beyond incorporation | 9% | No | Clear |
| Antigua and Barbuda | Offshore | USD 1,300 to 3,100 (statutory, via licensed agent) | 1 to 2 weeks (via licensed registered agent); name approval 2-4 business days; Certificate of Incorporation 3-5 business days after complete filing | 0% | No | Clear |
| Argentina | Onshore | About USD 576-2,178 statutory. The IGJ charge that actually MOVES is billed in MODULOS: 24 for the tramite comun and 96 for the urgente at the ARS 1,500 module value set on 8 April 2024, so ARS 36,000-144,000 (the urgente with mandatory book rubrication runs 160 modulos and with optional books 190). The tasa de constitucion of ARS 100 under DA 46/2001 art. 3 is a 2001 figure and is now rounding error, and art. 6 charges no annual tasa in the constitution year. Plus the Boletin Oficial notice required by Ley 19.550 art. 10 at ARS 2,395 per 70-character line, and the apostille and sworn-translation chain required by Normas art. 34 inc. 6 of RG IGJ 15/2024, which replaced RG 7/2015. That chain bites on documents ORIGINATING ABROAD, not on foreign founders: a founder who signs before an Argentine notary pays none of it | SRL realistic end-to-end ~2-6 weeks; SA ~30-60 days; SAS ~3-8 business days with model bylaws but excluded for crypto. Banking adds materially more for a non-resident-owned or crypto entity | 35% | No | Clear |
| Australia | Onshore | AUD 1,480 to 2,480 statutory (ASIC registration 636, registered office under s142, ASIC annual review 342); the s201A resident director is a service priced per case | 1 to 3 business days (ASIC online filing); 1 to 4 weeks realistic end-to-end for non-resident-owned company | 30% | No | Clear |
| Bahamas | Offshore | US$1,300-2,200 statutory (government incorporation US$400 under the First Schedule to the IBC Act 2000; registered agent and registered office US$900-1,800, compelled by s.37(1) and s.38(1), the agent licensed under s.3 of the Financial and Corporate Service Providers Act) | 1 to 5 business days (online filing via a licensed agent) | 0% | Yes | Clear |
| Belize | Offshore | USD 775-1,075 statutory (incorporation USD 150 and name reservation USD 25 per Schedule III to S.I. 152/2022, plus the s.79 registered agent and s.80 registered office USD 600-900). The apostilled passport is the AGENT's customer-due-diligence file under MLTPA s.15, not a registry filing requirement: s.6(1) and s.9 name no identity document among the filing items | 1 to 3 business days to incorporation once KYC clears, online via OBRS through a licensed registered agent | 0% | Yes | Clear |
| Bermuda | Offshore | ~US$4,100 to 6,100 statutory (minimum-band annual government fee 2,095 plus the registered office and resident representative required by the Companies Act 1981) | 3 to 7 business days (BMA ownership approval gates the timeline; name reservation in ~24 hours) | 0% | Yes | Clear |
| British Virgin Islands | Offshore | US$1,475 to US$2,675 (statutory, via licensed agent) | 1 to 5 business days (registered agent, electronic filing) | 0% | Yes | Grey-listed |
| Bulgaria | Onshore | EUR 288-738 statutory (Commercial Register entry EUR 28.12 electronic per Tariff art. 16a, the foreign notarisation, apostille and sworn-translation chain EUR 150-400 compelled by ZTRRYuLNTs art. 18(1)-(2) on pain of refusal under art. 24(1), annual financial-statement publication EUR 10.23, and the registered address EUR 100-300 a year, which every company must have). The address is INSIDE the total for peer-cell parity: Cyprus, Gibraltar, Latvia, El Salvador and New Zealand all price theirs, and a column that includes it on five pages and omits it on the sixth is not comparable | 1-3 business days (registry decision); 2-3 weeks end-to-end for remote formation via POA; 3-6 weeks if bank capital account is on the critical path | 10% | No | Grey-listed |
| Canada | Onshore | CAD 525 to 975 statutory (incorporation, NUANS name search, registered office, annual return) | 1 business day at the registry; 2-3 weeks all-in with business number, tax accounts, and banking | 26.5% | No | Clear |
| Cayman Islands | Offshore | US$2,050-3,850 statutory (General Registry registration US$840; registered office and licensed manager US$1,200-3,000, compelled by Companies Act s.50(1) and s.50(2), which requires an exempted company's registered office to be the address of its licensed company manager) | 1 to 7 business days (24-hour express incorporation available for an additional fee) | 0% | Yes | Clear |
| Comoros (Anjouan) | Offshore | NO STATUTORY FIGURE EXISTS: the ~USD 300 annual charge is levied by the Anjouan offshore authority, which the Banque Centrale des Comores names among bodies holding no legal authorisation. Agent-quoted USD 1,400-3,100 against no lawful fee schedule | About 3 to 7 business days to incorporation through a licensed registered agent once KYC clears; materially longer once consular legalisation and banking are included | 0% | No | Clear |
| Costa Rica | Onshore | US$630 to 1,050 statutory (registration stamps and duties about 135-235, the notarial incorporation deed about 359 at the arancel reference tariff art. 95(a), and the first annual legal-entity tax 137-458 under Ley 9428). NO RESIDENT AGENT: Ley 10.597, published in La Gaceta 98 of 30 May 2025 and applied registrally from 4 June 2025 under Directriz DPJ-002-2025, repealed art. 18(13) of the Codigo de Comercio and replaced the resident agent with a registered corporate email address. Naming one in a deed is now a registral defect | One to four weeks, end to end | 30% | Yes | Clear |
| Cyprus | Onshore | EUR 325-825 statutory (name approval EUR 10, HE1/HE2/HE3 EUR 165, Cyprus Bar Association stamp EUR 49 where an advocate swears the HE1, and the Cap. 113 s.102 registered office EUR 150-600 a year). The s.171(1) secretary is compelled, but in a single-member company the sole director may hold the office, so no service is priced | 5-10 working days (1-2 working days expedited); 2-6 weeks to be operational with banking | 15% | No | Clear |
| Czech Republic | Onshore | EUR 234-317 statutory (notarial founding deed EUR 82-165, court registration by the notary EUR 111, free-trade licence EUR 41; the court route runs EUR 370-450) | 5-10 business days (notary direct-registration route); express registration within 24-48 hours available for a surcharge | 21% | No | Clear |
| Dominica | Offshore | US$1,278 to US$1,878 (statutory, first year) | 1 to 2 weeks (registered-agent filing); allow 3 to 4 weeks where source-of-funds review or banking runs in parallel | 25% | No | Clear |
| Dubai, United Arab Emirates | Onshore | AED 20,400-28,400 statutory (free-zone licence 14,900-20,900 including the flexi-desk, establishment card 2,000-2,500, visa with medical and Emirates ID 3,500-5,000) | Licence in 3-5 working days; full operating status with visa and bank account in 4-8 weeks | 9% | Yes | Clear |
| El Salvador | Onshore | USD 855-2,355 statutory for an S.A. de C.V. (registry about 155 per LRC arts. 63, 66 and 71, the art. 21 notarial deed 500-1,600, and fiscal domicile 200-600 a year). A SAS needs no deed and pays no constitution or first-matricula fee until 31 December 2026 under DL 905 art. 10. The external auditor is a corporate organ of every S.A. under CdC arts. 289-290 with no threshold, and a resident legal representative is NOT required: art. 260 permits a director unico, and the residency rule at art. 358(c) applies to a foreign company's branch | About 1-3 weeks for the notarial deed and registry inscription; realistic end-to-end 4-14 weeks including tax registration and banking, with banking the gating step | 30% | No | Clear |
| Estonia | Onshore | EUR 265-415 statutory (OU registration online EUR 265, e-Residency card EUR 150 where the founder holds no other EU eID) | 1 business day (online with digital signature) | 0% | No | Clear |
| Georgia | Onshore | About USD 275 to 680 statutory (NAPR registration 75-151, being GEL 200 for one working day or GEL 400 same-day, the legal address 200-500 a year, optional name reservation, and notarised documents). Excludes accounting, preferential-status application, licensing and banking | Registration in 1 business day (GEL 200) or same-day express (GEL 400); realistic end-to-end operational readiness 1-4 weeks, gated by bank onboarding | 0% | No | Clear |
| Gibraltar | Midshore | GBP 410-910 statutory (Schedule 24 registration GBP 100 plus stamp duty GBP 10, and the s.178 registered office GBP 300-800 a year). The s.216(1) secretary is compelled and a sole director cannot hold the office, but that is a requirement, not a price we publish | ~3 working days standard once documents are approved; same-day option (urgency fee GBP 200, documents lodged before midday) and a two-hour service at a higher fee; several weeks to be operational with banking | 15% | No | Clear |
| Hong Kong | Onshore | HK$3,895 statutory (incorporation 1,545 plus Business Registration certificate 2,350) | Incorporation in about one hour in normal cases (electronic); most incorporations completed within a week once name clearance and KYC are in order | 16.5% | Yes | Clear |
| Ireland | Onshore | EUR 220-695 statutory (CRO Form A1 EUR 50, the s50 registered office, the EUR 20 first annual return, which falls in Year 1 because s345(3)(a) sets the first annual return date six months after incorporation, and an optional EUR 25 name reservation). EUR 1,720-3,195 where a two-year s137 bond replaces an EEA-resident director. The s129 secretary is compelled and is not priced | 3-5 working days expedited (Fé Phrainn); 3-4 weeks Ordinary; 2-8 weeks to be operational with banking | 12.5% | No | Clear |
| Kazakhstan (AIFC) | Onshore | USD 500 statutory (AIFC registration fee, Private Company, filed online; USD 1,500 on paper) | AIFC registration 5-20 working days, commonly ~2 weeks (AFSA cites processing up to 10 days); banking adds 2-4 weeks, 2-3 months for crypto-facing companies | 0% | Yes | Clear |
| Kyrgyzstan | Onshore | KGS 700-1,200 statutory, about USD 8 to 14 (incorporation duty ~200 KGS plus per-action notary fees ~500-1,000 KGS) | Statutory 3 business days for the single-window registry decision; realistic end-to-end 3-7 business days, or 1-3 weeks turnkey including translation and courier time | 10% | No | Clear |
| Labuan (Malaysia) | Midshore | USD 2,130-3,530 statutory (name reservation 30, incorporation 300, and the Labuan trust company 1,800-3,200, compelled three times over by Act 441: s.9(1) lodgement must be through a trust company, s.85(1) the registered office must be its principal office, s.93(1)-(2) only its officer may act as resident secretary). The USD 1,000 annual fee falls on the anniversary under s.151(1), not in Year 1. Substance to claim the 3% rate adds about USD 30,000 a year and is stated separately | 1 to 2 weeks end to end; registry approves a complete lodgement within 24 hours | 3% | Yes | Clear |
| Latvia | Onshore | EUR 375-1,075 statutory (state fee EUR 75 per Reg. 664 Annex II.1.2 plus the Komerclikums s.139 legal address EUR 300-600 a year; notarisation, apostille and translation EUR 100-400 ONLY where the founder files on paper or through a foreign power of attorney, because s.9(1) accepts a qualified e-signature and Dokumentu legalizacijas likums s.3(2) disapplies legalisation for EU, EEA, UK and Swiss public documents) | 1-3 working days standard (1 day expedited); realistic end-to-end about 5-7 working days; bank account opening is the main bottleneck (weeks) | 0% | No | Clear |
| Lithuania | Onshore | EUR 21-328 statutory (state fee and name reservation EUR 21-38, notary EUR 210 on the notarial route, qualified e-signature EUR 0-80); excl. EUR 1,000 share capital | 3-5 business days (complete documents); realistic end-to-end one to three weeks including preparation, registered address, and name check | 17% | No | Clear |
| Macau | Onshore | MOP 300 (~US$37) registry fee plus the notarial deed fee, which scales with parties and capital and has no published schedule. The MOP 25,000 paid-up capital is HELD by the company, not spent, and is not part of this figure | 2 to 3 weeks via notarial deed (about 5 working days expedited) | 12% | No | Clear |
| Malta | Onshore | EUR 400-1,000 statutory at the lowest authorised-share band (MBR registration EUR 100 electronic, plus the registered office in Malta compelled by art. 69(1)(d) of the Companies Act). The art. 138(1) company secretary is compelled and is not priced | 3-7 working days (24-48 hours for simple structures) once the MBR has complete documentation; 4-10 weeks to be operational with banking, materially longer for crypto and non-resident-heavy profiles | 35% | No | Clear |
| Marshall Islands | Offshore | USD 1,500-2,250 statutory (standard corporation); excl. licensing and banking capital. DAO LLC ~USD 9,500 via MIDAO | One business day registry filing; realistic ~10-20 business days end-to-end once the apostilled, couriered document set and the agent's KYC are factored in. DAO LLC via MIDAO with a 24-hour TurboDAO add-on | 0% | Yes | Clear |
| Mauritius | Midshore | USD 3,814-8,264 statutory for a GBC (FSC processing 600, the FSC first-year licence fee 650-2,600 prorated by quarter of grant, Registrar incorporation MUR 3,000 about USD 64, and the management company 2,500-5,000, compelled by Financial Services Act 2007 s.71(3)(a)(iii), under which a GBC shall at all times be administered by one). An Authorised Company runs from about USD 2,400 | 2-4 weeks for a clean GBC, via a licensed management company | 15% | Yes | Clear |
| Nevis | Offshore | US$1,120-1,820 statutory (Articles of Organisation US$300 and Certificate of Formation US$20 on the NFSRC's current schedule; registered agent and office US$800-1,500, compelled by Nevis LLC Ordinance Cap. 7.04(N) s.12(1) and s.12(2), which requires the agent to be licensed by the Nevis Island Administration and to maintain the physical place of business that is the registered office) | 24 to 48 hours at the registry; a few days to two weeks end-to-end | 25% | No | Clear |
| New Zealand | Onshore | USD 210 to 700 statutory (incorporation, name reservation and registered office); the s10A resident director is a service priced per case, not a state charge | Same day to a few days for the Companies Office filing once consents and the resident director are in place; realistic end-to-end a few days to a couple of weeks, gated by sourcing the resident director and AML/CDD, not the filing | 28% | No | Clear |
| Oman | Onshore | About USD 8,190 to 8,480 statutory, of which USD 7,800 is ONE line: the commercial registration for a company subject to the Foreign Capital Investment Law, OMR 3,000 for a three-year term under item 5-bis of the fee list annexed to Ministerial Decision 74/2001, inserted by Ministerial Decision 85/2020 (Official Gazette 1350, 19 July 2020). The OMR 150-500 grades are the DOMESTIC rows and are not operative for a foreign-owned company; the page carried OMR 300 until 2026-08-27 and understated the statutory cost roughly sevenfold. Plus trade-name reservation ~OMR 10, OCCI chamber membership ~OMR 70-100, municipality licence ~OMR 50-100, and notarisation ~OMR 20-50 | 3-8 weeks end-to-end (clean single-shareholder: 3-4 weeks; multi-shareholder or restricted activity: 6-8 weeks) | 15% | No | Clear |
| Panama | Offshore | US$900 a year statutory (franchise tax 300, resident agent 350 which a Panamanian lawyer or law firm must provide by law, registered office 250) | 2 to 10 business days once due diligence is complete (resident-agent filing) | 25% | No | Clear |
| Poland | Onshore | PLN 2,100-5,730 statutory (S24 court fee PLN 250, PCC about PLN 25, MSiG announcement PLN 0 since 29 Nov 2025, CRBR filing PLN 0, sworn translations, certified copies, PESEL and e-signature); excludes share capital | S24 online about 1 business day (statutorily a few days), template articles and cash capital only; notarial-deed route 2-4 weeks, allowing bespoke articles, in-kind contributions, and formation by power of attorney. Banking is the real bottleneck, not incorporation | 19% | No | Clear |
| Portugal | Onshore | EUR 295-510 statutory (Empresa Online incorporation EUR 220, custom-articles surcharge EUR 0-140, name certificate EUR 75-150, RCBE EUR 0); excl. share capital | Same-day in person via Empresa na Hora (under an hour); Empresa Online a few days; realistic end-to-end ~1-3 weeks for a non-resident, driven by the NIF and the power of attorney | 19% | No | Clear |
| Romania | Onshore | EUR 0 statutory: Art. 44 of Legea 265/2022 charges nothing for trade-register operations, and there is no annual company fee | About 3 working days for the registry decision; realistic end-to-end 5-10 working days; some county registry offices reported backlogs in 2025 | 16% | No | Clear |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | Offshore | US$200 official registration fee for an international private company, plus provider-quoted authorised agent, registered office and resident secretary. Those private roles are mandatory, but no defensible public all-in benchmark was found for the Saint Kitts Companies Act company; published packages located under the federation name described Nevis entities instead | About 24 hours at the registry after a complete authorised-agent filing; roughly 2-7 business days end-to-end once KYC and documents are ready | 25% | No | Clear |
| Saint Lucia | Offshore | US$3,000 to US$4,000 all-in (government fee from US$400; registered agent and office US$2,500 to US$3,500) | 3 to 15 working days (registry approval 1 to 3 working days; realistic end-to-end including KYC, document certification, and apostilled documents) | 30% | Yes | Clear |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | Offshore | USD 2,475 to 2,650 all-in (USD 125 government fee alone) | 1 to 5 business days (via licensed registered agent) | 0% | Yes | Clear |
| Seychelles | Offshore | US$720 to US$1,170 (statutory) | 24 to 48 hours (incorporation once KYC cleared; KYC review typically 1 to 5 business days) | 15% | Yes | Clear |
| Singapore | Onshore | S$485 to S$795 statutory (name and incorporation S$315, registered office under s142, ACRA annual return); the s145 resident director is a service priced per case | Same day to a few days (online via Bizfile, through a filing agent) | 17% | No | Clear |
| Slovakia | Onshore | EUR 280-410 statutory (first-entry registration EUR 220 under item 17(a)(2) of Act 71/1992 Coll., an a.s. being EUR 550; the notarial founding deed EUR 50-100 plus 23% VAT under item A(1) of Decree 31/1993 Coll., mandatory from 17 August 2026; optional name reservation EUR 50 under item 17a(a); trade licence EUR 0-15). Excludes share capital | Two working days for the registry court decision on a complete filing; realistic end-to-end 1-4 weeks including the founding deed, trade-licence step, and legalisation of foreign documents | 21% | No | Clear |
| South Africa | Onshore | USD 170-660 statutory (CIPC registration with name reservation about 9, being R125 plus R50, and the s23 registered office 160-650 a year). The s246 Tax Administration Act public officer is a LEGAL REQUIREMENT with no grace period since 24 December 2024, negotiated with the individual who accepts it and unpriceable in advance, so it is stated and not priced | Same-day to 48 hours for a standard online private company on a clean file; realistic end-to-end 1-3 weeks for a foreign-owned file with foreign-director certification, registered office, and beneficial-ownership filing; CIPC benchmark within 21 days. Banking adds materially more | 27% | No | Clear |
| Spain | Onshore | EUR 440-1,040 statutory (name certificate, notarial deed and Registro Mercantil 420-1,000, plus the official NIE and NIF fees 20-40) | Fast-track CIRCE/DUE route: registry decision 3-5 working days after the notarial deed, ~7-10 working days if NIE and bank are ready. Traditional notarial route ~3-6 weeks. Non-resident realistic end-to-end 4-8 weeks (NIE 1-4 weeks, consulate route 2-3 months) | 25% | No | Clear |
| Switzerland | Onshore | About CHF 2,260-6,440 statutory (commercial-register first entry CHF 420 plus CHF 20 per person and per signing authority under GebV-HReg SR 221.411.1 Annex 1.3, FEDERAL since 1 January 2021; the notarial public deed CHF 600-4,000 at cantonal tariff under CO art. 777 or art. 629; the Swiss Rechtsdomizil CHF 1,200-1,600 a year under HRegV art. 117; issuance stamp duty CHF 0 below CHF 1m equity; blocked-account set-up CHF 0-300). Excludes share capital. Resident representation under CO art. 718(4) and 814(3) is a legal requirement priced per case | Registry decision and SOGC/SHAB publication in a few working days once the file is complete; realistic end-to-end ~2-6 weeks for an international founder, gated by the blocked capital account and bank onboarding | 11.85% | No | Clear |
| United Kingdom | Onshore | GBP 150 statutory (incorporation 100 plus confirmation statement 50) | 24 to 48 hours (online via Companies House digital service or ACSP); same-day possible | 25% | No | Clear |
| United States (Delaware) | Onshore | US$610-810 statutory (state filing fee, statutory registered agent, and the flat Delaware LLC tax of US$400 due 1 June) | 1 business day (expedited) to approximately 2 weeks (standard); EIN adds 2-6 weeks for non-residents | 21% | No | Clear |
| Uzbekistan | Onshore | ~USD 22 to 300 statutory (state registration duty; ~270,000 UZS for a resident applicant, roughly ten times that for a non-resident) | Registration itself 1-3 business days; a standard LLC can be registered online in about 30 minutes to an hour. Realistic end-to-end 1-3 weeks including PINFL, registered address, and the electronic digital signature (EDS) | 15% | No | Clear |
| Vanuatu | Offshore | USD 925-1,825 statutory (incorporation 150 under s.111(2)(a), first-year registration 150 under s.112(1)(a), name reservation 25, and the registered agent and office 600-1,500, compelled by International Companies Act CAP 222 s.34(1) and s.35(1), the agent licensed under the Company and Trust Service Providers Act No. 8 of 2010) | 2 to 5 business days to incorporation once KYC clears; the certificate is usually issued 24 to 48 hours after document submission. Conservative end-to-end 1 to 2 weeks including KYC and apostille of incoming documents | 0% | No | Clear |